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Q: Dementia

Dementia is a disease which causes memory disturbance (dysmnesia), cognitive disorder and executive dysfunction. Dysmnesia, unlike normal amnesia, shows losing the memory of recent events and people's names. There are four types of dementia; Alzheimer type dementia (ATD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and vascular dementia (VaD). ATD is the most common and VaD is the secondary. ATD is more common in female and DLB and VaD is more common in male.
1.Alzheimer type dementia (ATD)
ATD is caused by storage of abnormal protein called amyloid β and tau protein in the brain. The brain, especially hippocampus (the center of emotions, learning, and memory formation), atrophy and lose its function. The patient will lose the memory and cannot recognize time, place (causing wandering) and person. The unique symptoms of ATD is "delusion of theft". The patient cannot remember that where they put their money and think their money is stolen.
2.Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)
DLB is caused by storage of abnormal protein called Lewy bodies. All part of brain can be affected but occipital lobe is strongly damaged. The main symptoms of DLB are cognitive disorder, visual hallucination and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). For instance, the patients say that they can see small kids or animals in the living room although nothing exists there. Lewy bodies are also the cause of parkinsonism.
3,Frontotemporal dementia (FTD)
FTD occurs when frontal lobe and temporal lobe atrophy and lose their function. These areas are important in controlling personality and language. The patients shows behavioral abnormality (going away when they see doctor or stealing something in the store) and stereotyped behavior (saying same thing whatever they are asked).
4.Vascular dementia (VaD)
VaD is caused by frequent cerebrovascular disease so that the symptoms can vary. The unique symptoms of VaD are emotional incontinence and mixed dementia. Since cerebral hemorrhage can cause VaD, hypertension or diabetes are risk factors. sembra naturale?

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